分會(huì)

第二十八分會(huì)：超分子組裝與軟物質(zhì)材料

摘要

近年來，癌癥的發(fā)病率呈上升趨勢(shì)，對(duì)人們的生命健康有著重大威脅。癌癥的光熱治療是目前的一大研究熱點(diǎn)，該方法具有微創(chuàng)、高效、時(shí)空可控性及能夠抑制腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移等優(yōu)勢(shì)，是一種具有臨床應(yīng)用前景的癌癥治療方法。以納米粒子為主體的新材料，是光熱診療一體化研究最為活躍的領(lǐng)域。但金屬納米材料的代謝困難、碳基納米材料誘導(dǎo)氧化應(yīng)激、高分子納米材料成藥質(zhì)量難以控制一直是有待解決的問題。 鑒于此，我們通過合理的分子設(shè)計(jì)，選用生物相容性優(yōu)異的七甲川菁作為材料主鏈結(jié)構(gòu)，通過調(diào)控分子間的相互作用，提出一種由非離子型有機(jī)小分子Cy7-TCF，在沒有任何輔助分子的情況下通過超分子自組裝的形式構(gòu)建的具有生物功能的超分子納米體系。超分子納米片產(chǎn)生了明顯的熒光自淬滅和獨(dú)特的光熱、光聲成像特性。具有較高的光熱轉(zhuǎn)換效率（62.3%）和優(yōu)異的光熱穩(wěn)定性。這些優(yōu)勢(shì)使其可以通過EPR效應(yīng)被動(dòng)靶向腫瘤后，可以通過近紅外熒光成像和光聲成像引導(dǎo)進(jìn)行腫瘤光熱治療。最重要的是，超分子納米片保留了有機(jī)小分子生物相容性好、生物安全性高的優(yōu)勢(shì)，不進(jìn)入腫瘤位置的染料可以很快被肝臟清除。優(yōu)異的光熱性能及良好的生物安全性使該七甲川菁類超分子納米體系有望成為未來癌癥光熱治療的候選者。 Photothermal therapy Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising and elegant therapeutic means against tumors due to inherent advantages of minimum invasiveness, high-efficiency, space-time controllability and inhibition of tumor metastasis. Considerable effort has been devoted to develop more efficient PTT agents, especially the nanomaterials. However, the long-term toxicity of metal nanomaterials, the oxidative stress caused by carbon-based nanomaterials and difficulties in pharmaceutical-scale production of polymer nanomaterials underscore the challenges facing this field. In contrast, supramolecular nanomaterials, which use supramolecular design to improve the precision and effectiveness of pharmaceutical practice and optimize pharmacokinetic profiles, have gathered momentum to battle cancer and other incurable diseases, for which traditional small-molecular and macromolecular drugs are less effective. Here, we designed and synthetized a series of near-infrared supramolecular assembly-based nanodiscs which exhibit fluorescence self-quenching but unique photothermal properties with a high photothermal-conversion efficiency of 62.3%. After the nanodiscs passively targeting tumors by EPR effect, tumors can not only be monitored by near-infrared fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic tomography, but also be ablated by photothermal therapy under the irradiation. Due to the natural small organic molecules, these supramolecular assembly-based medicine have not been shown to be acute toxicity in vivo and can be eliminated by the liver, which exhibits excellent bio-compatibility and bio-safety. These supramolecular assembly-based medicine, which belong to the category of supramolecular drugs, can represent a new paradigm in drug delivery as single-component supramolecular medicine that is self-delivering and self-formulating and provides a platform technology for clinical cancer imaging and therapy.

關(guān)鍵詞

超分子納米片；自組裝；近紅外；多模態(tài)成像；光熱治療

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