分會

第五十三分會：農(nóng)業(yè)化學與農(nóng)產(chǎn)品

摘要

磁性吸附型納米緩釋復合肥料的制備及其性能研究 李濤1,2,*，閆佳2，呂少瑜2，柳明珠2 1蘭州城市學院化學化工學院，甘肅省蘭州市，730070 2蘭州大學化學化工學院，甘肅省蘭州市，730000 *Email: lit16@lzu.edu.cn 隨著工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)和人民生活水平的不斷提高，嚴重的水體富營養(yǎng)化已經(jīng)對生物多樣性和其他水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能構(gòu)成嚴重威脅。為了緩解水體的磷富集，滿足排放要求，必須進行磷的脫除和再利用。考慮到農(nóng)業(yè)的綠色和可持續(xù)發(fā)展，利用生物質(zhì)制備智能材料受到越來越多研究者的關(guān)注[1]。 木質(zhì)素是自然界第二大來源的天然高分子。本課題組通過對木質(zhì)素的功能化改性，已經(jīng)制備出一系列多功能緩控釋肥料，例如通過靜電層層自組裝技術(shù)制備環(huán)境響應(yīng)型木質(zhì)素基納米肥料[2]；利用圓盤造粒法制備環(huán)境修復型木質(zhì)素基雙層包膜緩釋肥料[3]；通過席夫堿反應(yīng)和鐵離子的交聯(lián)作用制備具有高機械強度的可生物降解肥料[4]。 基于此，本文將木質(zhì)素作為天然高分子原料，通過胺化改性制備了胺化木質(zhì)素。將胺化木質(zhì)素表面用Fe3+進行絡(luò)合，并負載Fe3O4納米顆粒后制備得到一種高磁感應(yīng)強度的磁性木質(zhì)素基納米顆粒。該納米顆粒能有效吸附水溶液中的H2PO4??；厥樟字蟮玫降募{米顆粒能夠再次作為納米緩釋復合肥料使用。通過在土壤中的釋放研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，該納米緩釋復合肥料具有較好的持續(xù)釋放性能，釋放30天后，鐵和磷的釋放率分別達到67.2%和69.1%。此外，磁性吸附型納米緩釋復合肥料具有較好的磁性回收、再生和循環(huán)使用性能，不僅可以極大地降低肥料制備成本，還可以降低土壤受到二次污染的風險，提高養(yǎng)分的使用效率，為綠色、可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展和生物質(zhì)資源的多元化利用提供了新的方向。 Fig. 1 Scheme of synthesis procedure of nanofertilizers 關(guān)鍵詞：磁性納米顆粒；木質(zhì)素；吸附材料；納米肥料 參考文獻 [1] 李濤，呂少瑜，陳姣，高春梅，張少飛，柳明珠. 高分子學報, 2018, 3, 336. [2] Li, T.; Lü, S.; Yan, J.; Bai, X.; Gao, C.; Liu, M.., ACS Appl. Mater. Inter., 2019, 11 (11), 10941. [3] Li, T.; Lü, S.; Zhang, S.; Gao, C.; Liu, M.. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 2018, 91, 643. [4] Li, T.; Lü, S.; Ji, Y.; Qi, T.; Liu, M.. New J. Chem.. 2018, 42, 19129. Lignin-based Magnetic Nanoparticles for Recovery and Separation of Phosphate and Reused as Renewable Fertilizers Tao Li1,2,*, Jia Yan 2, Shaoyu Lü2, Mingzhu Liu2 1 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. 2 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. Nanomaterials offer opportunities to develop novel adsorbents with advanced adsorption of phosphate at low concentration to prevent eutrophication. However, the adsorption capacity is not high enough, and the recycle process of adsorbents is not efficient and environmentally friendly. In this work, magnetic lignin-based nanoparticles (M/ALFe) were developed and used to adsorb phosphorus to obtain phosphorus-saturated nanoparticles (M/ALFeF). The nanoparticles were then used as renewable slow-release compound fertilizers. First, lignin as a natural polymer was modified by triethylenetetramine (TETA) via Mannich reaction, and then Fe3+ was chelated and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were loaded onto the aminated lignin to prepare M/ALFe. Finally, M/ALFeF were obtained after adsorption of phosphorus. M/ALFe and M/ALFeF were characterized by FTIR, TG, DSC, SEM, TEM, elemental analysis, particle size analysis, zeta potential analysis and XPS. The effects of nanoparticle dosage, solution pH and adsorption time on adsorption were investigated. Adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm experiments indicated that the adsorption was agreed well with the pseudo-second-order and Temkin model, respectively. The cumulative release of Fe and P from M/ALFeF increased gradually and reached to 67.2 % and 69.1 % in soil after 30 days, respectively. After the release of nutrients, M/ALFeF can be separated conveniently by magnet from water or soil with a high recovery ratio and regenerated for phosphate recovery again. Therefore, the magnetic lignin-based nanoparticles have a promising application potential as a low-cost, efficiently separated and renewable nanomaterial for applications in wastewater treatment and sustainable agriculture.

關(guān)鍵詞

磁性納米顆粒;木質(zhì)素;納米肥料;吸附材料

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